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{"id":7857,"date":"2016-02-10T21:42:22","date_gmt":"2016-02-10T21:42:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ftc.com.co\/?p=7857"},"modified":"2020-12-09T21:43:04","modified_gmt":"2020-12-09T21:43:04","slug":"el-establecimiento-permanente-de-servicios","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ftc.com.co\/2016\/02\/el-establecimiento-permanente-de-servicios","title":{"rendered":"El establecimiento permanente de servicios"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=\u00bbin_container\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00bbmiddle\u00bb column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb scene_position=\u00bbcenter\u00bb text_color=\u00bbdark\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00bbbg\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3″ gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00bbbottom\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00bb1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb][vc_row_inner column_margin=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_align=\u00bbleft\u00bb][vc_column_inner column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00bb1\/4″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb][team_member image_url=\u00bb7733″ team_memeber_style=\u00bbmeta_below\u00bb link_element=\u00bbimage\u00bb team_member_link_new_tab=\u00bbtrue\u00bb color=\u00bbAccent-Color\u00bb name=\u00bbH\u00e9ctor Falla\u00bb job_position=\u00bbSocio Fundador FTC\u00bb description=\u00bbArt\u00edculo publicado originalmente en Asuntoslegales.com\u00bb link_url=\u00bbhttps:\/\/www.asuntoslegales.com.co\/analisis\/hector-falla-512911\/impuesto-especial-de-renta-sobre-dividendos-2867209″][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00bbinherit\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00bball\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00bb1″ background_hover_color_opacity=\u00bb1″ column_shadow=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_link_target=\u00bb_self\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00bbleft_to_right\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00bb0.3″ width=\u00bb3\/4″ tablet_width_inherit=\u00bbdefault\u00bb column_border_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb column_border_style=\u00bbsolid\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00bbnone\u00bb][vc_column_text]Dicho esto, los CDIs estipulan varios tipos o subtipos de establecimientos permanentes, como ejemplo los \u201cf\u00edsicos\u201d (lugar fijo de negocios en el pa\u00eds) y de \u201cservicios\u201d (prestaci\u00f3n f\u00edsica de servicios en el pa\u00eds), como ocurre en el caso Colombiano. (CDIs con Chile, M\u00e9xico, entre otros).<\/p>\n

Por lo anterior, la correcta aplicaci\u00f3n de un CDI por parte de Colombia, como pa\u00eds fuente, no es una tarea sencilla por la falta de precisi\u00f3n en la configuraci\u00f3n del concepto de establecimiento permanente. Es decir, cu\u00e1ndo Colombia puede gravar los beneficios obtenidos por un residente fiscal del otro Estado en virtud de la prestaci\u00f3n de servicios (diferentes a los servicios de asistencia t\u00e9cnica, servicios t\u00e9cnicos y consultor\u00eda) en favor de un residente fiscal colombiano bajo la configuraci\u00f3n de un establecimiento permanente de servicios (EPS).<\/p>\n

En efecto, no es una tarea sencilla por cuanto, en el contexto internacional, se ha presentado el debate acerca de si la existencia de un EPS en el Estado de la fuente requiere o no (1) que \u00e9ste sea a su vez un establecimiento permanente f\u00edsico (EPF), como se analiz\u00f3 en Sud\u00e1frica; o (2) que los servicios sean prestados con presencia f\u00edsica del prestador del servicio en el pa\u00eds de la fuente, como es el caso de Arabia Saudita.<\/p>\n

En Sud\u00e1frica, el Tribunal de Impuestos concluy\u00f3, en la aplicaci\u00f3n del CDI suscrito entre dicho pa\u00eds y los Estados Unidos de Am\u00e9rica, que un EPS existe por s\u00ed mismo -es decir, cuando cumple sus propios requisitos- sin que se requiera cumplir, con los requisitos de un EPF, de conformidad con los comentarios de la OCDE y la Explicaci\u00f3n T\u00e9cnica del CDI. Significa lo anterior que el EPS es una especie diferente al EPF. A pesar de esto, el Tribunal tambi\u00e9n verific\u00f3 la existencia de un EPS no s\u00f3lo con sus propios requisitos, sino tambi\u00e9n con los requisitos de un EPF, es decir, como si el EPS fuera una especie del EPF, por petici\u00f3n del contribuyente.<\/p>\n

De otra parte, Arabia Saudita ha considerado que un EPS existe si el plazo del contrato de prestaci\u00f3n de servicios entre un residente saud\u00ed y no residente saud\u00ed (prestador del servicio), excede el t\u00e9rmino estipulado en el CDI, sin la necesidad de la presencia f\u00edsica del no residente fiscal para la prestaci\u00f3n de servicios en su jurisdicci\u00f3n. Por el contrario, algunos practicantes han considerado, a juicio del columnista correctamente, que un EPS requiere que la prestaci\u00f3n de servicios tenga presencia f\u00edsica por parte del prestador del servicio y exceda el plazo estipulado en el CDI respectivo (generalmente, m\u00e1s de 183 d\u00edas o 6 meses, dentro de un per\u00edodo espec\u00edfico).<\/p>\n

Lo anterior permite concluir que, un EPS es una figura independiente al EPF, cuya existencia requiere de la presencia f\u00edsica del no residente en el pa\u00eds de la fuente para la prestaci\u00f3n de servicio, durante el plazo exigido por el CDI. Esta conclusi\u00f3n es acorde \u00a0con los comentarios de la Ocde y de la ONU sobre el tema. Por lo tanto, un EPS no requiere a su vez el cumplimiento de los requisitos de un EPF.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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